Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent breathing difficulties and airflow limitation. It’s often caused by long-term exposure to irritants that damage the lungs and airways. The two primary conditions that fall under COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic Bronchitis: This condition involves the inflammation and narrowing of […]

Sinusitis, also known as a sinus infection, is a condition that involves the inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses. The sinuses are hollow cavities located in the bones of the face and skull, and they are connected to the nasal passages. Sinusitis can result from various causes, such as infections, allergies, or

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by the formation of scar tissue in the liver, which impairs the liver’s ability to function properly. The scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue, disrupts blood flow through the liver, and can ultimately lead to liver failure. CAUSE Liver cirrhosis is caused by damage to the liver that

Zenker’s diverticulum, also known as pharyngeal pouch, is a protrusion of the mucosa and submucosa through a weak area in the posterior pharyngeal wall. This condition occurs most commonly in individuals over the age of 50 and is more common in males than females. The exact cause of Zenker’s diverticulum is not fully understood, but

An anal fistula is an abnormal channel that develops between the skin near the anus and the inside of the anal canal. It usually forms as a result of an infection that starts in an anal gland, which then spreads to surrounding tissue and creates a tunnel or tract that may fill with pus or

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that begins in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system. Lymphoma is a cancer of the white blood cells, which are responsible for fighting infections and diseases. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the most common type of lymphoma, accounting for about 90% of all cases.